Roberto Esposito Libri

The pandemic has brought into sharp relief the fundamental relationship between institution and human life: at the very moment when the virus was threatening to destroy life, human beings called upon institutions - on governments, on health systems, on new norms of behavior - to combat the virus and preserve life. Drawing on this and other examples, Roberto Esposito argues that institutions and human life are not opposed to one another but rather two sides of a single figure that, together, delineate the vital character of institutions and the instituting power of life. What else is life, after all, if not a continuous institution, a capacity for self-regeneration along new and unexplored paths? No human life is reducible to pure survival, to "bare life." There is always a point at which life reaches out beyond primary needs, entering into the realm of desires and choices, passions and projects, and at that point human life becomes instituted: it becomes part of the web of relations that constitute social, political, and cultural life.

This new book by the Italian philosopher Roberto Esposito addresses the profound crisis of contemporary politics and examines some of the philosophical approaches that have been used to try to understand and go beyond this crisis. Two approaches have been particularly influential – one indebted to the thought of Martin Heidegger, the other indebted to Gilles Deleuze. While opposed in their political thrust and orientation, both approaches remain trapped within the political ontology that has framed our conceptual language for some time. In order to move beyond this political ontology, Esposito turns to a third approach that he characterizes as ‘instituting thought’. Indebted to the work of the French political philosopher Claude Lefort, this third approach recognizes that the road to reconstructing a productive relation between ontology and politics, one that is both realistic and innovative, lies in instituting praxis. Building on this insight, Esposito conceptualizes social being as neither univocal nor plurivocal but as cross-cut by the dual semantics of political conflict. This new book by one of the most original European philosophers writing today will be of great interest to students and scholars in philosophy, social and political theory and the humanities generally.

In Zeiten von Pandemie und Klimawandel, da die Weltbevölkerung von volatilen ­Nationalregierungen und transnationalen Konzernen nur auf sehr unzuverlässige Weise repräsentiert und geschützt wird, müsste Institutionen eigentlich eine bedeutende ­Rolle zukommen. Zu allem Überfluss aber scheint alles ­Institutionelle an seinen eigenen, schon lange diagnostizierten Unzulänglichkeiten zu laborieren und eher Teil des Problems zu sein, als zur Lösung der vielfältigen Menschheitsheraus­forderungen ­beitragen zu können.In seinem neuesten Buch geht Roberto Esposito dem bedrohlich schwindenden Vertrauen in das Wesen von Institutionen auf den Grund und plädiert für eine radikale ­Revision der Auffassung, wonach scheinbar starre ­Institutionen und soziale Bewegungen in notwendigem Widerstreit zueinander stünden. Vielmehr gilt es, das Verhältnis von Leben und Politik gänzlich neu zu denken und mit einem affirmativen Blick auf die Kraft des Instituierens die daraus neu erwachsenden Handlungsmöglichkeiten zu erschließen.

Mai come in questo momento, connotato da una minaccia sempre più pressante e diffusa, la richiesta di immunizzazione sembra caratterizzare tutti gli aspetti della nostra esistenza. Quanto più si sente esposta al rischio di infiltrazione e di contagio da parte di elementi estranei, tanto più la vita dell'individuo e della società si chiude all'interno dei propri confini protettivi. Tuttavia, questa opzione immunitaria ha un prezzo assai alto: come il corpo individuale, anche quello collettivo può essere 'vaccinato' dal male che lo insidia soltanto attraverso la sua immissione preventiva e controllata. Ciò vuol dire che, per sfuggire alla presa della morte, la vita è costretta a incorporarne il principio. A sacrificare la 'forma' del vivente alla sua semplice sopravvivenza biologica. Ormai questo meccanismo dialettico tra conservazione e negazione della vita sembra pervenuto a un punto limite: al di là del quale si apre la drammatica alternativa tra un esito autodistruttivo e una possibilità ancora inedita che ha al centro un nuovo pensiero della comunità. In questo libro che intreccia il lessico giuridico e politico con quello teologico, antropologico e biologico, Roberto Esposito indica un modo nuovo di fare filosofia come pratica radicalmente mondana.