Jeannine Bischoff Libri

An examination of the terms used in specific historical contexts to refer to those people in a society who can be categorized as being in a position of ‘strong asymmetrical dependency’ (including slavery) provides insights into the social categories and distinctions that informed asymmetrical social interactions. In a similar vein, an analysis of historical narratives that either justify or challenge dependency is conducive to revealing how dependency may be embedded in (historical) discourses and ways of thinking. The eleven contributions in the volume approach these issues from various disciplinary vantage points, including theology, global history, Ottoman history, literary studies, and legal history. The authors address a wide range of different textual sources and historical contexts – from medieval Scandinavia and the Fatimid Empire to the history of abolition in Martinique and human rights violations in contemporary society. While the authors contribute innovative insights to ongoing discussions within their disciplines, the articles were also written with a view to the endeavor of furthering Dependency Studies as a transdisciplinary approach to the study of human societies past and present.

Despite the influence of commodity exchange within Tibetan society, its historical processes are rarely to be found in “event history.” Commerce and Communities: Social and Political Status and the Exchange of Goods presents a collection of studies on various historically documented modes of exchanging goods in Tibetan societies, their evolution over time, and their impact on the status of the actors involved, be they individuals, social groups or political entities. The contributions to this volume explore the theme of exchange not only from the perspectives of trade, monetary value, and economy; it also takes into consideration the religious, administrative, diplomatic and political aspects that are intertwined in the exchange of gifts and in trade activities. These perspectives are combined in their attempt to fill certain lacunae in the economic history of Tibetan societies, as well as furthering our knowledge of Tibetan social history during the period of the Ganden Phodrang government (1642–1959). The volume covers not only a broad spectrum of perspectives on the exchange of goods, but also a wide range of Tibetan societies: the geographical scope of this volume extends from the Central Tibetan area to the eastern Tibetan-Chinese borderlands and the former Himalayan kingdom of Nepal.