This study evaluates the impact of Fairtrade on the livelihood sustainability of smallholder cocoa producers in the South West region of Cameroon. Smallholder farmers in Cameroon, as in many developing countries, often face challenges due to inadequate strategies, leading to low production and productivity, which contribute to vulnerability such as poverty. While various factors affect farmers' output, poor strategies are a significant cause of vulnerability in the cocoa sector. The introduction of Fairtrade standards aims to address these issues. The Fairtrade theory posits that participation can enhance living conditions through capacity building, increased household income, empowerment, and improved access to markets, thereby positively influencing farmers' strategies. However, the practical outcomes may differ from theoretical expectations. If Fairtrade is beneficial, why do not all smallholder farmers engage with its programs? Are the effects of Fairtrade on participating farmers less significant than those on conventional farmers? Or do traditional practices hinder change? These questions necessitate empirical investigation. This research employs a case study approach to explore the impacts of Fairtrade on smallholder cocoa producers in the South West region of Cameroon.
