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Microfluidics shows significant potential across various fields, including biology, chemistry, and medicine. Lab-on-a-chip technology offers advantages over traditional methods by enhancing reaction kinetics, minimizing reagent use, and enabling high throughput and parallelization. Achieving large-scale parallelization requires a robust control paradigm, where numerous devices are managed with minimal inputs. Despite the development of diverse microfluidic platforms utilizing various physical effects, many lack the capacity for direct feedback from the process liquid, necessitating complex off-chip control systems that impede integration and parallelization. This work introduces a microfluidic platform concept that employs the volume phase transition of stimuli-responsive hydrogels on-chip to actively switch between fluid streams in a discrete manner. This transition integrates sensing and acting functions into a single component. Smart hydrogels are used in a transistor-like device capable of making autonomous switching decisions based solely on the chemical content of a fluid, which carries molecular information. This chemo-fluidic transistor links the liquid's molecular composition to the system's fluidic behavior. By paralleling electronic principles, discrete circuits such as AND, OR, NOT logic gates are developed, leading to more complex modules like an RS flip-flop and a chemo-fluidic oscillator circuit. The latter de
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Microfluidic chemical integrated circuits based on stimuli-responsive hydrogels for on-chip flow control, Philipp Frank
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- 2017
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