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This book explores recent advancements in water treatment utilizing multi-functional chitosan-based materials. It details the production of chitosan beads and membranes from chitosan powder, alongside modification techniques aimed at enhancing material performance for commercial and industrial applications. The text summarizes experimental adsorption/desorption studies that clarify the mechanisms behind heavy-metal removal from wastewater, featuring a comprehensive overview of characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, it discusses the development and application of specialized engineering software and image analysis for modeling adsorption kinetics. This resource is particularly valuable for scientists and engineers in environmental materials science, as well as chemists and industrial or civil engineers focused on wastewater treatment and water pollution mitigation. The content includes a review of heavy metal removal by adsorption, thermodynamics and kinetics of heavy metal ion desorption, and studies on the adsorption of various metal ions using modified chitosan beads, including applications of biopolymer chitosan membranes for zinc removal from aqueous systems and modeling of packed bed columns for copper ion adsorption.